Precision agriculture using smart technologies has transformed sustainable crop management to solve the problem of rising food security, resource optimization, and environmental sustainability. In precision agriculture, modern hardware, including Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and objects, drones, and artificial intelligence (AI), is used to boost crop production with minimal water, fertilizer, and pesticide use. The paper discusses how such smart technologies have affected sustainable crop management systems, and in particular, how have been able to maximize the use of resources and enhance crop yields. The paper employs quantitative and qualitative research methodologies, and it evaluates the research data gathered at different agricultural locations that have implemented smart technologies. The main statistical observations are that the agricultural lands that utilized the precision method of farming increased crop production by 15 % and reduced the use of resources, especially water and fertilizers, by 20 %. The study also emphasizes the role of smart technologies in assisting farmers to make evidence-based decisions that enhance the effectiveness of agricultural activities, minimize expenses, and ensure environmental sustainability. In addition, the paper talks about the obstacles and difficulties in the implementation of smart technologies in the agricultural sector, including a high initial cost, the need to train those skills, data privacy issues, etc. The results imply that the introduction of smart technologies is associated with great benefits in terms of sustainability, but needs to be planned, invested in, and supported in order to realize the successful implementation. Finally, the paper reinforces the importance of smart technologies in promoting sustainable agriculture and provides suggestions for further research on the elimination of barriers to adoption.
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