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Original scientific article

FORECASTING CONSUMER DEMAND AND ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER MARKETING ON BRAND EQUITY USING ARIMA AND SEM MODELS

By
M. Kalaivani Orcid logo ,
M. Kalaivani

Associate Professor, Faculty of Management, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Vadapalani campus , Chennai, Tamil Nadu , India

Arasuraja Ganesan Orcid logo ,
Arasuraja Ganesan

Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, St.Joseph’s College of Engineering , OMR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu , India

N. Arunfred Orcid logo ,
N. Arunfred

Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management, SRM institute of Science and Technology , Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu , India

V. Aruna Orcid logo
V. Aruna

Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology , OMR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu , India

Abstract

Organizations are increasingly using analysis to understand consumer buying habits in order to understand what type of promotional strategies work best for their products. This is due to the fact that digital platforms have a greater influence on a consumer's purchasing decisions. A complete quantitative approach is designed to understand the impact of social media influencer marketing on brand equity and to forecast the demand for a product. Using historical sales data to forecast future consumer behaviour, the two statistical models, namely, ARIMA and SEM, were used to study the effect of promotion through influencers on consumer perceptions, purchase intent, consumer engagement, and brand equity. For the empirical analysis, the study relied on data from 1,248 responses to an online survey and total monthly retail and e-commerce sales data, combined with the ARIMA model, which used historical purchasing patterns, seasonality, and social media influencer engagement metrics to build forecasts of future consumer demand patterns. The ARIMA model produced a MAPE of 4.82%, RMSE of 3.41, forecast accuracy of 95.18%, and a correlation coefficient of 0.93, which shows that the forecasting model is very reliable in predicting future demand. The results show that the credibility of the influencer has a significant effect on the engagement of consumers (β = 0.81) and their trust (β = 0.72), which in turn has a significant effect on consumers' intention to purchase (β = 0.76) and brand equity. The theoretical model is found to be an acceptable model with fitness indexes such as CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.041, GFI = 0.93, and Chi-square/df = 2.11. The results have shown that marketers' use of influencer marketing is crucial for the creation of brand equity and the predictability of demand. The integrated forecasting model can serve as a practical application for organizations seeking to create effective marketing strategies, leverage a customer-centric decision-making process, and ultimately, have a precise forecast of future demand in the current competitive digital landscape.

Citation

This is an open access article distributed under the  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY-NC) License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 

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Issue 35, 2026
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